Gratia Sianturi (2024) The international Medical Journal of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine

This systematic review investigates the effects of aquatic physical therapy (APT) on chronic low back pain (CLBP). Five studies were analyzed, focusing on the unique benefits of APT, including reduced pain intensity, enhanced mobility, and improved quality of life. Aquatic therapy leverages the buoyancy and resistance properties of water to alleviate spinal load, facilitate safe movements, and promote muscle relaxation.

The findings indicate significant improvements in functional capacity and reductions in pain and disability scores among participants undergoing APT compared to land-based therapy or no exercise. However, methodological limitations in the reviewed studies, such as small sample sizes and high risk of bias, were noted. The review emphasizes the need for high-quality randomized controlled trials to validate APT’s therapeutic potential and establish standardized protocols.

APT emerged as a safe and effective first-line treatment for managing CLBP, particularly for individuals with limited tolerance for land-based exercises. Its benefits extend to post-surgical patients and those with coexisting musculoskeletal conditions, making it a versatile option in rehabilitation.