Bressel (2014) High-Intensity Interval Training on an Aquatic Treadmill in Adults With Osteoarthritis – Effect on Pain, Balance, Function, and Mobility

This study evaluates the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on an aquatic treadmill in adults with osteoarthritis (OA). Eighteen participants (average age 64.5 years) underwent a six-week aquatic exercise program designed to improve pain, balance, function, and mobility. The program incorporated HIT using water jets and perturbation-based balance training.

Results demonstrated significant improvements in all outcome measures:

• Pain: Joint pain reduced by 68%, as measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
• Balance: Posturography scores showed enhanced equilibrium, surpassing normative values for healthy adults.
• Function and Mobility: Performance on the sit-to-stand test and a 10-meter walk improved, with participants achieving gait speeds comparable to individuals without OA.

The aquatic treadmill environment reduced joint loads, allowing participants to engage in high-intensity exercises without exacerbating pain. Adherence to the program was exceptional, with no adverse events reported.

This study concludes that aquatic HIT is a feasible, effective intervention for managing OA symptoms, improving physical function, and enhancing quality of life. Future research is encouraged to compare aquatic HIT with land-based therapies and explore long-term benefits.