Ogonowska-Slodownik (2024) Aquatic Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Disabilities A Scoping Review

This scoping review analyzed the current literature on aquatic therapy for children and adolescents with disabilities, covering 52 studies with participants aged 6–18 years. The most common conditions treated included autism spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The review highlighted a variety of interventions such as swimming, aquatic exercises, and the Halliwick concept, with sessions typically lasting 60 minutes twice weekly for an average of 8 weeks.

Key benefits of aquatic therapy include improved motor function, balance, strength, and psychosocial outcomes such as better behavior, social skills, and mental health. Physiological improvements, including enhanced pulmonary function and sleep quality, were also noted. Risks were minimal, mostly limited to minor adverse effects like muscle soreness or fatigue.

The review emphasizes the need for detailed intervention protocols and standardized measures for long-term benefits. Despite its therapeutic potential, further research is needed to refine methodologies and ensure consistent reporting. Aquatic therapy is particularly valuable for disabilities limiting land-based activities, providing a safe and supportive environment for rehabilitation.